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Smith Island is an island on the Chesapeake Bay, on the border of Maryland and Virginia territorial waters in the United States. The island is inhabited by one of the region's oldest English-speaking communities, which is known for its relic accent, preserving speech patterns from the original English colonial settlers. The community is located in a small town-area in the central part of the island, and is also called Smith Island, the northern part of which is the Martin National Wildlife Refuge within the state of Maryland, and the southern part of which lies in Accomack County, Virginia. The Island has been shrinking in size for centuries, due to a combination of its low elevation and storm erosion. In the last 150 years, Smith Island has lost over of wetlands due to erosion and post-glacial subsidence into the Chesapeake Bay. To prevent the island from being lost to erosion, restoration efforts will be ongoing for the next 50 years to restore of submerged aquatic vegetation and of wetlands.〔(US Army Corps of Engineers ) Smith Island, Maryland Environmental Restoration and Protection Project Accessed October 11, 2007〕 Smith Island has no airport and no bridges to the mainland; it can be accessed only by boat. Passenger-only ferries connect Smith Island at Ewell to Solomons, Maryland, on the Western shore of the Chesapeake Bay and from Crisfield, Maryland on its Eastern Shore. On its Maryland side, Smith Island is a census-designated place (CDP) in Somerset County, Maryland, United States. It is included in the Salisbury, Maryland-Delaware Metropolitan Statistical Area. ==Geography== Smith Island is actually composed of multiple islands. They are predominantly low, salt marsh with an elevation of less than above sea level. There are three communities: Ewell and Rhodes Point, which are connected by a single-lane road, and Tylerton, accessible only by boat. According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which of it is land and of it (51.42%) is water. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Smith Island, Maryland」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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